A list of useful terms to know when reading about archaeology.
A list of terms relating to archaeology
Agriculture: farming
Archaeology: The study of people from the past
Artifact: objects made and used by someone in the past
Atlatl: a long spear with throwing handle used during the Paleoindian and Archaic period
Context: the place where an artifact is found and the relationship between that artifact and the things around it
Excavation: the scientific process of uncovering and studying an archaeological site
Fishing Weir: wood and stone funneling systems for trapping large numbers of migrating fish in a narrows along a stream
Flintknapping: the process of chipping away at a rock to create a tool with sharp edges
Hypothesis: an idea or explanation for a question that you test through study and experimentation.
Indigenous: originating, occurring naturally to a particular place (native)
Midden: a trash heap
Nomadic: people who move continuously across the landscape following seasonal animal and plants
Prehistory: a time before written texts
Radiocarbon Dating: a scientific test for determining the age of an organic (animal or plant-based) object. To learn more, click here
Relative Dating: determining the relative age of past events in comparison to each
Sedentary: People who settle down and live in one place year-round
Slash and Burn Farming: a method of clearing land for farming by cutting down and burning wild forest and field plants to replace with farmed plants
Stratigraphy: the study of the layers of soil and artifacts under the ground